What Is Self-Levelling Compound?
Self-levelling compound, often referred to as a floor screed or floor levelling mix, is a specialized cement-based product designed to create a perfectly smooth and level surface on subfloors. It is typically applied in thin layers over surfaces such as concrete slabs or wooden floorboards, serving as a preparation layer before laying final floor coverings like tiles, laminate, or hardwood. The term “self-levelling” indicates that the compound possesses flow properties that allow it to naturally settle into a flat surface, reducing the need for extensive manual leveling. However, while it generally self-levels, it has limitations: it doesn’t flow as freely as water and may require some assistance over larger areas to achieve an ideal finish.
Why Use Self-Levelling Compound?
The primary purpose of this compound is to transform uneven, bumpy, or damaged subfloors into a smooth, uniform base for your chosen flooring. This is especially crucial when installing rigid floor coverings such as tiles or hardwood, which are sensitive to imperfections. An irregular subfloor can cause tiles to crack or shift, and wooden floors to bounce or creak underfoot. Conversely, softer coverings like carpet or vinyl can comfortably sit over uneven surfaces without issues. Therefore, using a self-levelling compound ensures the stability and longevity of your flooring installation, preventing future problems caused by an uneven base.
Limitations and Practical Tips
While self-levelling compounds are highly effective, they are not suitable for all scenarios. They do not flow like water, so over large expanses, some manual assistance—such as spreading or smoothing—may be necessary. Additionally, they are typically not recommended for exterior applications unless explicitly specified by the manufacturer. Proper surface preparation, including cleaning and priming, is essential for optimal adhesion and performance. For thicker layers or build-up, multiple coats can be applied, but it’s vital to follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for curing times and layer thickness.
Self-Levelling Compound vs. Other Floor Preparations
Compared to traditional floor leveling methods, self-levelling compounds save significant time and labor, providing a quick and efficient way to achieve a flat surface. They are particularly advantageous in renovation projects where existing floors are uneven. However, for heavily damaged or unstable subfloors, additional reinforcement or repair might be needed before applying the compound.
Additional Considerations
It’s important to choose the right product based on your specific project requirements. For example, standard self-levelling compounds are not suitable for outdoor or high-moisture environments. In such cases, specialized formulations with waterproofing or extra durability should be selected. Proper curing time, usually 24-48 hours, must be observed before proceeding with final floor coverings. Always consult the manufacturer’s instructions for optimal results.
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