Understanding What a Shower Head Flow Restrictor Is
If you’re experiencing weak water pressure during your showers and are considering a solution, one effective method is to remove the flow restrictor from your shower head. These small devices are commonly integrated into many modern shower heads from well-known brands such as Delta, Kohler, and Moen. Their primary purpose is to limit water flow to conform with water conservation standards. But what exactly is a flow restrictor, and how does it work? Is removing it safe? And what procedures should you follow to do so correctly? In this detailed guide, you will learn about the role of flow restrictors, the step-by-step process to remove them, and the potential effects of doing so. Additionally, we will explore alternative solutions if removal isn’t the best route for your needs.
What Is a Shower Head Flow Restrictor, and Why Is It Used?
A shower head flow restrictor, often called a flow regulator or flow control device, is a small component inserted within the shower head’s assembly. Its main function is to regulate the volume of water passing through, often capping the flow at around 2.5 gallons per minute (GPM) or less in accordance with U.S. water efficiency standards. The science behind this device is straightforward: it uses a tiny, adjustable valve that responds to water pressure by constricting or opening to maintain a steady flow rate. When water pressure increases, the restrictor narrows to prevent excess flow; when pressure drops, it opens wider to compensate, ensuring consistent water delivery.
Water Regulations and the Role of Restrictors
The concept of water flow restriction gained prominence with the enactment of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, which set federal standards limiting shower heads to a maximum of 2.5 GPM. Many states, including California, have adopted even stricter regulations, such as a 1.8 GPM limit, to promote water conservation. These restrictions are not only applicable to shower heads but also extend to bathroom faucets and kitchen fixtures, often employing similar flow-limiting devices. While these measures are effective in reducing water and energy consumption, they can sometimes lead to a less satisfying shower experience, prompting some users to consider removing or bypassing the restrictors. However, it’s important to be aware that doing so may result in non-compliance with local plumbing codes and regulations.
Pre-Removal Checks to Improve Shower Performance
Before proceeding with removal, perform some simple diagnostics to determine if the restrictor is truly the cause of low water pressure:
- Test multiple fixtures simultaneously: If several outlets share weak flow, your entire home’s water pressure might be insufficient.
- Assess hot and cold water pressure separately: Low pressure only in hot water could indicate an issue with your water heater or plumbing.
- Consult neighbors or local water providers: Similar problems in your neighborhood might point to municipal supply issues rather than your fixtures.
These preliminary checks can save you time and effort, ensuring that removing the restrictor is a necessary step.
Step-by-Step Process to Remove a Shower Head Flow Restrictor
Removing a flow restrictor is a manageable DIY task that can significantly enhance your shower experience. Follow these detailed steps to do it safely and effectively:
Step 1: Gather Required Tools
- Adjustable wrench or pliers
- Small flathead screwdriver
- Cloth or rag (to protect the fixture)
- Vinegar (optional, for cleaning stubborn mineral deposits)
- Needle-nose pliers (optional, for precise handling)
Step 2: Remove the Shower Head Safely
Wrap a soft cloth or rag around the base of your shower head to prevent scratches and provide a better grip. Using an adjustable wrench or pliers, turn the shower head counterclockwise to unscrew it from the shower arm. If it’s tightly secured, apply gentle, consistent pressure, avoiding excessive force that might damage the fixture. For stubborn units, a rubber strap wrench offers a non-slip alternative.
Step 3: Locate the Restrictor Within the Shower Head
Once detached, examine the opening where the shower head connects to the pipe. Look for a rubber gasket or washer—these are typically easy to remove with a small flathead screwdriver. Carefully extract the washer to access the internal components. Keep in mind, in some models, the restrictor may be embedded deeper or positioned differently, but it generally resides just behind the rubber gasket.
Step 4: Identify and Remove the Flow Restrictor
The restrictor itself is usually a tiny, circular plastic piece, often white, blue, red, or green, featuring small holes or slots designed to limit water flow. Gently pry it out using a screwdriver or needle-nose pliers. Exercise caution to avoid damaging surrounding parts.
Step 5: Addressing Difficult or Mineral-Blocked Restrictors
If the restrictor resists removal or appears clogged with mineral deposits, soak it in a mixture of equal parts water and vinegar for approximately 30 minutes. This process dissolves mineral buildup. After soaking, use pliers or a small brush to carefully extract the restrictor. Vinegar is also excellent for cleaning shower heads and restoring optimal flow.
Step 6: Check and Replace the Rubber Washer
Inspect the rubber gasket for cracks, tears, or wear. Replace it with a new washer obtained from hardware stores or online. A good seal ensures no leaks when reassembling the shower head.
Step 7: Reassemble and Reattach
Place the fresh or existing rubber washer back into the shower head, then screw it onto the shower arm by hand, turning clockwise. Tighten gently with your hand and, if necessary, a wrench, but avoid over-tightening, which could damage threads. Hand-tightening first helps ensure proper alignment and prevents cross-threading.
Step 8: Test Your Shower
Turn on the water and observe the flow. You should notice a marked increase in pressure and volume. If the pressure remains low, check for mineral buildup inside the shower arm or other obstructions.
Advantages of Removing the Flow Restrictor
By removing the restrictor, you effectively increase your water flow, resulting in a more robust and satisfying shower experience. This simple DIY modification can be particularly beneficial if your household struggles with low water pressure or if you prefer a more forceful spray for rinsing or cleaning.
Potential Changes Post-Removal
While the increased water flow is advantageous, it also comes with notable consequences:
Your Monthly Water Bills May Rise
Removing the restrictor can cause your water consumption to double or triple, depending on your usage. Typically, a shower head with a restrictor limits flow to around 2.5 GPM, but without it, flow rates can soar to 5-8 GPM. Over time, this increased usage could add an extra $10-$30 to your monthly water bills, based on local rates and household habits.
Important Considerations
Disabling the restrictor means your shower head no longer complies with federal and local water conservation laws. This could lead to issues during property inspections or when selling your home, especially in regions with strict water-saving regulations like California. Additionally, removal might void your shower head’s warranty, so weigh the benefits against these potential drawbacks.
Conclusion and Alternative Solutions
While removing the flow restrictor can significantly enhance your shower experience, it’s essential to consider the trade-offs. The increased water usage leads to higher bills and possible non-compliance with local regulations. Instead of complete removal, consider upgrading to a high-pressure, water-efficient shower head that maintains the legal flow rate but still provides a satisfying spray. For broader water pressure issues in your home, installing pressure-boosting systems or pressure-regulating valves can be effective, ensuring compliance and preserving the integrity of your plumbing system.
Frequently Asked Question
Is it illegal to remove a shower head flow restrictor?
Removing a shower head flow restrictor might violate local plumbing codes, especially in areas with stringent water conservation laws like California. While it is generally not illegal for personal use, doing so could lead to increased water bills, non-compliance during inspections, or challenges during home resale. Always check local regulations before proceeding.